An avid learner of Scottish Gaelic - Gàidhlig - I have put together the following list of words that may be useful for learners of the language which refer to Scottish family history, and which may help to express genealogical concepts, terms and events a bit better.
(Image: 1854 Registration Act, National Records of Scotland)
I will keep adding to this as and when, so keep checking back!
Genealogy
- teaghlach – family
- eachdraidh theaghlaich – family history
- sinnsireachd – ancestry
- craobh-ghinealach – genealogy tree
- craobh-theaghlaich – family tree
- leabhar-ginealach – the family history (as published)
- sloinntearachd – genealogy
- sloinntear – genealogist
- dualchas – heritage
- eachdraidh – history
- sinnsear – ancestor
- sinnsearan – ancestors
- sliochd – descendant
- sliochdan – descendants
- sìol – descendants, progeny
- gineadair – progenitor
- ginealach – generation
- clann – children
- ainm – name
- ciad ainm – first name
- sloinne/sloinneadh – patronymic name
- a' rannsachadh – researching
- rannsachadh – research
- a' breabadh an aghaidh nan dealg! – beating your head against a brick wall! (kicking against prickles!)
- a' sgrùdail – investigating
- a' sgrìobhadh – writing
- a' leughadh – reading
- aithris – a report
- oraid – a lecture
- iris – a magazine
- artagail – an article
- leabhar – a book
- leabhraichean – books
Family Members / Relationships
- buill teaghlaich – members of the family
- taobh mathair – on the mother's side
- taobh athair – on the faher's side
- màthair – mother
- athair – father
- mac – son
- mhic – sons
- nighean – daughter
- nigheannan – daughters
- piuthar – sister
- peathraichean – sisters
- bràthair – brother
- bràithrean – brothers
- leth-leanabh – twin
- leth-aonan co-ionann – identical twins
- leas-mhàthair – stepmother
- leas-athair – stepfather
- leas-phiuthar – stepsister
- leas-bhràthair – stepbrother
- uchd-mhac – adopted son
- uchd-nighean – adopted daughter
- uchd-leanabh – adopted child
- co-dhalta – foster sibling/foster brother
- ban-dalta or nighean-dalta – foster daughter
- dalta – foster son
- uime or muime – foster mother
- oid' altraim – foster father
- co-ogha – first cousin
- co-oghaichean – first cousins
- dà-ghlùn or iar-ogha sinn-seanar – second cousin
- fionn-ogha sinn-sinn-seanair – third cousin
- seanmhair – grandmother
- sinn-seanmhair – great grandmother
- sinn-sinn-seanmhair – great great grandmother
- seanair – grandfather
- sinn-seanair – great grandfather
- sinn-sinn-seanair – great great grandfather
- ogha – grandchild/grandson
- iar-ogha – great grandchild/grandson
- ion-ogha or gar-ogha – great great grandchild/grandson
- ban-ogha or ian-bhan-ogha – great granddaughter
- ban-fhionn-ogha – great great granddaughter
- uncail – uncle
- brathair m' athair – paternal uncle / brother of my father
- brathair mo mhàthair – maternal uncle / brother of my mother
- antaidh – aunt
- piuthar m' athair – paternal aunt / sister of my father
- piuthar mo mhàthair – maternal aunt / sister of my mother
- piuthar mo mhnà – my sister-in-law
- bean – wife (also 'woman')
- fear-taighe or duine – husband
- cèile or caidreach – spouse
Birth & Baptism
- breith – birth
- chaidh mo bhreith ann an... – I was born in...
- chaidh a breith ann an... – she was born in...
- chaidh a bhreith ann an... – he was born in
- rugadh mi ann an... – I was born in
- rugadh e/i ann an... – he/she was born in...
- thogadh mi ann an... – I was raised in...
- thoghadh e/i ann an... – he/she was raised in...
- co-là breith – birthday
- baisteadh – baptism
- baiste – baptised
- ban-ghoistidh – godmother
- goistidh – godfather
- sponsair – sponsor
- coitheanal – congregation
- dìolain – illegitimate (bastard)
Engagement, Marriage & Divorce
- gealladh-pòsaidh – engagement
- èigheachd – proclaiming
- gairm or gairm-phòsaidh – banns, marriage proclamation
- dh'èigheadh iad san eaglais – their banns were called in the church
- chaidh an èigheach san eaglais – their banns were called in the church
- a' bhanais – the wedding
- bean na bainnse – bride (also bean na bainnseadh)
- fear na bainnse – groom (also fear na bainnseadh)
- a' pòsadh – marrying
- am pòsadh – the marriage
- mìosam nam pòg – honeymoon ('the month of kisses'!)
- fianais or neach-fianais – witness
- fianaisichean or luchd-fianais – witnesses
- cuirm-bhainnse – wedding reception
- adhaltras or adhaltranas – adultery
- adhaltrach – adulterer
- sgaradh-pòsaidh – divorce
- briseadh-pòsaidh – divorce
- dealachadh-pòsaidh – divorce
- dealaichte – divorced
- a' dealaich ri – divorcing
- a' sgaradh o chèile – separating
- sgaradh – separation
Death & Burial
- a' bàsachadh – dying
- marbh – dead
- corp – body
- creubh – corpse
- tòrradh – burial, funeral
- adhlacadh – burial, funeral
- tiodhlacadh – burial, funeral
- losgadh-cuirp – cremation
- uaigh – grave
- cladh – graveyard
- ionad amhlacaidh – cemetery
- clach-uaighe – gravestone
- leac uaighe – gravestone
- rèilig – burial place
- tiomnachd – will, testament
- dìleab – legacy, inheritance
- oighre – heir (also means 'heritor')
- oighreachd – estate
- neach-cùraim tiomnaidh – executor (of a will)
- banntrachd – widow, widower
- banntrach mnà – widow
Civil Registration
- teisteanas breithe – birth certificate
- teisteanas pòsaidh – marriage certificate
- teisteanas bàis – death certificate
- teisteans uchd-mhacadhd – adoption certificate
- Sgrìobhadh-Cuimhne nam Breith, nam Bàs, agus nam Pòsaidhean - the Gaelic title for the 1854 Registration Act for Births, Deaths and Marriages
Religion
- Pròstanach – Protestant
- Clèireach – Presbyterian
- Eaglais na h-Alba – Church of Scotland
- Eaglais Easbaigeach na h-Alba – Scottish Episcopal Church
- Caitligeach or Pàpanach – Catholic
- Achd Fuadach nan Caitligeach – Catholic Emancipation Act
- Eaglais Chaitligeach na h-Alba – Scottish Catholic Church
- An Ath-Leasachadh – the Reformation (1560)
- Briseadh na h-Eaglaise – the Disruption (1843)
- eaglais – church
- seipeal or caibeal – chapel
- ministear – minister
- sagart – priest
- èildear – church elder
- lagh-eaglaise – church law
- seisean – kirk session
- clèir – presbytery
- oighre – heritor (also means 'heir')
- aifreann – mass
Censuses
- cunntas-sluaigh – census
- cunntasan-sluaigh – censuses
- teaghlach – family, household
- ceann-taigh – head of the family or household
- muinntir an taigh – members of the household
- àireamhaiche – enumerator
Archival Institutions
- tasglann – archive
- taigh-tasgaidh – museum
- taisbeanadh – exhibition
- leabharlann – library
- comhairle – council
- Clàran Nàiseanta na h-Alba – National Records of Scotland
- Leabharlann Nàiseanta na h-Alba – National Library of Scotland
- Àrainneachd Eachdraidheil Alba – Historic Environment Scotland
Clans
- cinneadh – clan
- cinnidhean – clans
- ceann-cinnidh – clan chief
- cinn-cinnidh – clan chiefs
Land Records
- fiùdalachd – feudalism
- ranntannan iomchair – title deeds
- bann sgrìobhte – charter
- còir-sgrìobhte rìoghail – royal charter
- borgh – burgh
- bann cìse – taxation band
- bann seilbh or clàr-seilbh– sasine (TBC, thanks to Michael Bauer for the suggestion)
- clàr còrach-fearainn - sasine (TBC, thanks again to Michael)
- luachadh – valuation
- fear taic – tacksman
- cuairt luachaidh – valuation court
- oighreachd – estate
- Oighreachdan Arfantaichte – Forfeited Estates
- maoir – bailiffs
- oide – tutor, foster father
- oideachadh – tutelage
Heraldry
- gearradh arm – coat of arms
- neach-taice – supporters
- àrdarc – blazon, armorial bearings
- aon-adharcach – unicorn
For pronunciation of the above words, try looking the words up in the excellent dictionary at LearnGaelic (https://learngaelic.scot/dictionary/), which also has additional tools, such as a thesaurus.
Don't forget the Scottish Gaelic Duolingo course is free to access at https://www.duolingo.com if you fancy learning some of the basics, whilst BBC Alba's SpeakGaelic course is freely available at https://speakgaelic.scot to help push you along further!
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